Pehea ka ʻokoʻa o ka truffle ʻeleʻele Himalayan mai ka truffle Italia

Ka wehewehe/ʻono
ʻOkoʻa ka nui a me ke ʻano o nā truffle ʻeleʻele ʻĀsia ma muli o nā kūlana ulu, akā he liʻiliʻi maʻamau, ma waena o 2 a 5 kenimika ke anawaena, a he hiʻohiʻona poʻo. Hoʻoheheʻe ʻia nā halo ʻeleʻele-ʻeleʻele mai nā pōhaku i loko o ka lepo a he ʻeleʻele koʻikoʻi, uhi ʻia i nā puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi, nā puʻupuʻu, a me nā māwae. Ma lalo o ka ʻaoʻao o waho, he ʻōhule ka ʻiʻo, ʻeleʻele a maʻa, maʻa me nā ʻaʻa keʻokeʻo lahilahi. ʻOi aku ka ʻeleʻele o nā truffle ʻeleʻele ʻĀsia ma mua o nā truffle ʻeleʻele ʻEulopa a me ka waihoʻoluʻu ʻeleʻele, me ka liʻiliʻi o nā veins. He ʻala puʻupuʻu ʻeleʻele ko ʻAsia a ʻo ka ʻiʻo he ʻono, ʻeleʻele, ʻala lāʻau.

Kau / Loaʻa
Loaʻa nā truffle ʻeleʻele ʻĀsia mai ka hopena o ka hāʻule ʻana a hiki i ke kakahiaka nui.

ʻO nā ʻike o kēia manawa
ʻO nā ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele ʻĀsia kekahi ʻāpana o ka genus Tuber a ua ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo ia ʻo nā truffle ʻeleʻele Kina, nā ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele Himalayan a me nā truffle hoʻoilo ʻeleʻele ʻAsia, no ka ʻohana Tuberaceae. Nui nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole o ka truffles i loaʻa i loko o ka genus Tuber, a ʻo ka inoa ʻAsia ʻeleʻele truffle he mea wehewehe maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia e wehewehe i kekahi o kēia mau ʻano tuber i ʻohi ʻia ma Asia. ʻO Tuber indicum ka ʻano laha loa o ka truffle ʻeleʻele ʻAsia, i kākau ʻia mai ka makahiki 80, akā i ka wā i hoʻomaka ai nā ʻepekema i ke aʻo ʻana i nā ʻano molekala o ka ʻaha, ua ʻike lākou aia kekahi mau ʻano pili pili, e like me Tuber himalayense a me Tuber sinensis. Ke ulu maoli nei nā ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele ʻĀsia no nā kaukani mau makahiki, akā ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia nā truffles ma ke ʻano he mea kūʻai kālepa a hiki i ka makahiki 1900. I kēia manawa, paʻakikī ka ʻoihana truffle ʻEulopa e hoʻokō i ka koi, a ua hoʻomaka nā hui Kina e hoʻokuʻu aku i nā truffle ʻeleʻele ʻAsia. i ʻEulopa ma ke ʻano he pani no nā truffles hoʻoilo ʻeleʻele ʻEulopa. Ua hiki koke mai ka truffle boom a puni ʻo ʻAsia, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo Kina, a ua hoʻouna koke ʻia nā truffles liʻiliʻi i ʻEulopa, no laila ua paʻakikī i nā aupuni ʻEulopa e hoʻoponopono i nā truffles. Me ka nele o ke kānāwai, ua hoʻomaka kekahi mau hui e kūʻai aku i nā truffle ʻeleʻele ʻAsia ma lalo o ka inoa truffle European Perigord truffle ma nā kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe, e hoʻopiʻi nui ana i waena o nā mea hahai truffle ma ʻEulopa. ʻO nā ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele ʻĀsia he ʻano like me nā ʻeleʻele kaulana ʻEulopa, akā ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka ʻala a me ka ʻono. Hoʻohui ka poʻe hoʻopunipuni i nā truffle ʻeleʻele ʻAsia me nā truffles Perigord maoli i mea e uku ai no ka nele o ka ʻala, e ʻae ana i nā truffle ʻeleʻele ʻAsia e komo i ka ʻala ʻokoʻa e hana i nā truffles aneane hiki ʻole ke ʻike. I kēia mau lā, aia nō ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa wela no ka maikaʻi o nā truffle ʻeleʻele ʻAsia i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā truffles ʻEulopa, a pono e kūʻai ʻia nā truffles ma o nā kumu kaulana.

Waiwai meaʻai
Hāʻawi nā truffle ʻeleʻele ʻAsia i ka huaʻa C e hoʻoikaika i ka ʻōnaehana pale, hoʻonui i ka hana collagen a hoʻemi i ka mumū. ʻO Truffles kekahi kumu o nā antioxidants e pale i ke kino mai ka hōʻino radical manuahi a loaʻa i nā mea liʻiliʻi o ka zinc, hao, magnesium, calcium, fiber, manganese a me phosphorus. I loko o ka lāʻau lapaʻau kuʻuna Kina, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā truffle ʻeleʻele i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻihoʻi i ka ʻai, hoʻomaʻamaʻa hou a hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā kino, a kaulike i ke kino.

noi
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohana liʻiliʻi ʻana i nā truffle ʻeleʻele ʻĀsia i nā noi maka a i hoʻomehana māmā ʻia, maʻamau i kahi ʻia, ʻoki ʻia, ʻili ʻia, a i ʻoki ʻia paha. ʻO ka ʻono ʻoluʻolu, musky, lepo o ka truffles e hoʻopiha i nā kīʻaha me nā mea momona, momona, waina a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻai i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka cream, nā aila, a me nā mea kūʻokoʻa e like me ka ʻuala, raiki, a me ka pasta. Pono e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia nā Truffles ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana a ʻoi aku ka palaki a holoi ʻana paha i ka ʻili ma mua o ka holoi ʻana ma lalo o ka wai no ka mea e popopo ai ka haʻo. Ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia, hiki ke ʻoki ʻia nā truffle ʻeleʻele ʻAsia i mea hou e like me ka condiment hope loa i ka pasta, nā ʻiʻo i kālua ʻia, nā risottos, nā sopa a me nā hua. Ma Kina, ke ulu nui nei nā truffle ʻeleʻele ʻAsia ma waena o ka papa kiʻekiʻe, a ua hoʻohui ʻia nā truffles i nā sushi, soups, sausages, a me nā dumplings truffle. Hoʻokomo pū nā mea kuke i nā truffle ʻeleʻele ʻAsia i nā kuki, nā liqueurs a me nā mooncakes. Ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, hana ʻia nā truffle ʻeleʻele ʻĀsia i pata, hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka ʻaila a me ka meli, a i ʻole ʻia i loko o nā ʻuala. Hoʻohui maikaʻi ʻia nā truffle ʻeleʻele ʻĀsia me nā ʻiʻo e like me ke keiki hipa, ka moa, ka ʻiʻo a me ka pipi, ka iʻa, ka foie gras, ka ʻai e like me ke kao, Parmesan, fontina, chevre a me gouda, a me nā mea kanu e like me ka tarragon, basil a me arugula. E mālama ʻia nā truffles ʻeleʻele ʻĀsia hou a hiki i hoʻokahi pule ke ʻōwili ʻia i loko o kahi kāwele pepa a i ʻole ka lole hoʻomaʻemaʻe a mālama ʻia i loko o kahi pahu i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o ka pahu crisper o ka friji. He mea nui e hoʻomaopopo i ka maloʻo o ka truffle no ka maikaʻi a me ka ʻono. Inā ʻoi aku ka mālama ʻana i ʻelua mau lā, e hoʻololi mau i nā kāwele pepa i mea e pale ai i ka hoʻoulu ʻana o ka makū no ka mea e hoʻokuʻu maoli ka haʻakai i ka makū i ka wā e waiho ai. Hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā truffle ʻeleʻele ʻĀsia i ka foil, waiho ʻia i loko o ka ʻeke paʻukū, a paʻa no 1-3 mahina.

ʻIke lāhui/moʻomeheu
ʻOhi nui ʻia nā truffle ʻeleʻele ʻAsia ma ka ʻāina Kina o Yunnan. ʻO ka mōʻaukala, ʻaʻole ʻai ʻia nā truffle ʻeleʻele liʻiliʻi e nā kamaʻāina kūloko a hāʻawi ʻia i nā puaʻa i mea hānai holoholona. I nā makahiki 90 mua, ua hōʻea nā hui truffle i Yunnan a hoʻomaka i ka ʻimi ʻana i nā truffle ʻeleʻele ʻAsia no ka lawe ʻana aku i ʻEulopa e hoʻokūkū me ka mākeke truffle Perigord e ulu nei. I ka piʻi ʻana o ke koi no nā truffles, hoʻomaka koke ka poʻe mahiʻai ma Yunnan e ʻohi i nā truffles mai nā ululāʻau a puni. Ua ulu maoli nā ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele ʻĀsia ma ke kumu o nā kumulāʻau a ua nui nā hōʻiliʻili truffle mua ma Yunnan, e hana ana i kahi kumu waiwai wikiwiki a maikaʻi no nā ʻohana. Ua ʻōlelo ka poʻe mahiʻai ma Yunnan ʻo ka ʻohi ʻana i nā truffles ua pāpālua i kā lākou loaʻa kālā makahiki, a ʻo ke kaʻina hana he liʻiliʻi a ʻaʻohe kumu kūʻai mua, ʻoiai e ulu maoli nā truffles me ke kōkua ʻole o ke kanaka. ʻOiai ʻo ka ʻoihana maikaʻi no nā kamaʻāina, ʻaʻole like me ʻEulopa kahi i hoʻoponopono pono ʻia ai ka ʻohi truffle, ʻaʻole i hoʻoponopono ʻia ka hapa nui o ka hōʻiliʻili truffle ma Kina, e hopena i ka nui o ka ʻohi ʻana. Hoʻohana ka poʻe hahai holoholona Kina i nā rake niho a me nā hoe e ʻeli ma kahi o hoʻokahi kapuaʻi i loko o ka honua a puni ke kumu o nā kumulāʻau e ʻike ai i nā truffles. Hoʻopilikia kēia kaʻina hana i ka haku ʻana o ka lepo a puni nā kumulāʻau a hōʻike i nā aʻa lāʻau i ka ea, hiki ke hōʻino i ka pilina symbiotic ma waena o nā haʻani a me ka lāʻau. Me ka ʻole o kēia pili, pau ka ulu ʻana o nā truffles hou no nā ʻohi e hiki mai ana. Makaʻu ka poʻe akamai i ka ʻohi nui ʻana o Kina i nā truffle ʻeleʻele ʻĀsia e hoʻonohonoho ana i ka ʻāina no ka hāʻule ʻole i ka wā e hiki mai ana, ʻoiai ka nui o nā ululāʻau i paʻa i nā truffles i kēia manawa ua paʻa a ʻaʻole hana hou i nā halo ma muli o ka luku ʻia ʻana o ka nohona. ʻOhi ʻia ka nui o nā truffle ʻeleʻele ʻAsia ma ka ʻāina mokuʻāina, e alakaʻi ana i ka poʻe hahai holoholona e ʻohi a hōʻiliʻili i nā truffles ma mua o ka hiki ʻana i nā mea hahai holoholona ke lawe i nā truffles. Ua alakaʻi ʻia kēia i ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o nā truffle ʻaʻole e kūʻai ʻia ana ma nā mākeke me ka liʻiliʻi o ka ʻono a me ke ʻano momona.

Heluhelu/Moolelo
Ua ulu maoli nā truffle ʻeleʻele ʻAsia ma kahi kokoke a ma lalo o nā paina a me nā conifers ʻē aʻe ma Asia mai ka wā kahiko. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā truffles hoʻoilo ma nā ʻāpana o India, Nepal, Tibet, Bhutan, Kina a me Iapana, a hoʻomaka pinepine nā truffles i ka hua ʻana i ka wā he ʻumi makahiki nā mea kanu. ʻAʻole i ʻohi nui ʻia nā truffle ʻeleʻele ʻAsia a hiki i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā makahiki 90 i ka wā i hoʻomaka ai ka poʻe mahiʻai e lawe aku i nā truffles i ʻEulopa. Mai ka makahiki 90, ua hoʻomau ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻohi truffle ʻeleʻele ʻAsia, e hoʻonui ana i ka nui o nā mea hahai truffle ma waena o Asia. Ma Kina, ua ʻohi nui ʻia nā truffle ʻeleʻele ʻAsia mai nā panalāʻau ʻo Sichuan a me Yunnan, me Yunnan e hana ana ma mua o kanahiku pakeneka o nā truffle ʻeleʻele i kūʻai ʻia ma ka ʻāina a me ka honua. Loaʻa ʻia nā truffle ʻeleʻele ʻAsia ma nā liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ma nā panalāʻau ʻo Liaoning, Hebei a me Heilongjiang, a ke hoʻāʻo nei nā mahiʻai koho e ulu i nā truffle ʻeleʻele ʻAsia no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻoihana. I kēia lā, hoʻouna ʻia nā truffle ʻeleʻele ʻAsia ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa i ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika ʻĀkau. Hoʻohana ʻia nā truffles a puni ka ʻāina a hoʻouna ʻia i nā hale ʻaina kiʻekiʻe ma nā kūlanakauhale nui, me Guangzhou a me Shanghai.